Europe

Romania: flag, map, capital and facts

Everything about Romania: its flag, its map and its facts.

Capital: Bucharest
Population: 19 million
Area: 238,391 km²
Currency: Romanian Leu (lei)

#68 by population · #81 by area · #38 economy in the world · #104 by population density

Population and society

Population of ro, 1960–2025. From 18.4 million in 1960 to 19 million in 2025. Its peak: 23.2 million in 1990.

Population density: 83 per km² (rank 104 of 194)
Urban population: 52.2% (2025)
Under 15: 15.6% (2025)
Over 65: 20.1% (2025)
Children per woman: 1.39 (2024)
Internet users: 91.3% (2024)

Economy and nature

GDP: $428.7B (rank 38 of 194)
Unemployment: 6% (2025)
Inflation: 7.2% (2025)
Forests: 30.2% (of its land · 2024)
CO₂ per person: 3.7 t (a year · 2024)
Lowest point: 0 m (sea level)

Figures: World Bank, latest year with data. Lowest point: reviewed by hand.

Symbols

Anthem: Deșteaptă-te, române!
Official name: România

Coat of arms and anthem: Wikimedia Commons.

Practical facts

Official language: Romanian
Calling code: +40
Internet domain: .ro
Driving side: On the right
Time zone: UTC+2, with summer time
Demonym: Romanian

Geography

Continent: Europe
Neighbouring countries: Bulgaria, Hungary, Moldova, Serbia, Ukraine
Highest point: Moldoveanu Peak (2,544 m)
Largest city: Bucharest, the capital
Access to the sea: Yes

History and politics

Form of government: Semi-presidential republic

Economy and life

GDP per person: $22,538 (2025)
Life expectancy: 76.5 years (2024)
Human Development Index: 0.845 (rank 55 of 193)

Counties in figures

Name	Capital	Population	Area (km²)
Alba	Alba Iulia	325,941 (2021)	6,242
Arad	—	410,143 (2021)	7,754
Arges	Pitești	569,932 (2021)	6,862
Bacau	—	601,387 (2021)	6,621
Bihor	Oradea	551,297 (2021)	7,544
Bistrita-Nasaud	Bistrița	295,988 (2021)	5,355
Botosani	—	392,821 (2021)	4,986
Braila	—	281,452 (2021)	4,766
Brasov	—	546,615 (2021)	5,363
Bucharest	—	1,716,961 (2021)	226
Buzau	—	404,979 (2021)	6,103
Calarasi	—	283,458 (2021)	5,088
Caras-Severin	Reșița	246,588 (2021)	8,514
Cluj	Cluj-Napoca	679,141 (2021)	6,674
Constanta	—	655,997 (2021)	7,071
Covasna	Sfântu Gheorghe	200,042 (2021)	3,710
Dâmbovita	Târgoviște	479,404 (2021)	4,054
Dolj	Craiova	599,442 (2021)	5,562
Galati	—	496,892 (2021)	4,466
Giurgiu	—	262,066 (2021)	3,526
Gorj	Târgu Jiu	314,685 (2021)	5,602
Harghita	Miercurea Ciuc	291,950 (2021)	6,639
Hunedoara	Deva	361,657 (2021)	7,063
Ialomita	Slobozia	250,816 (2021)	4,453
Iasi	—	760,774 (2021)	5,476
Ilfov	Bucharest	542,704 (2021)	1,583
Maramures	Baia Mare	452,475 (2021)	6,304
Mehedinti	Drobeta-Turnu Severin	234,339 (2021)	4,942
Mures	Târgu Mureș	518,193 (2021)	6,714
Neamt	Piatra Neamț	454,203 (2021)	5,896
Olt	Slatina	383,280 (2021)	5,498
Prahova	Ploiești	695,119 (2021)	4,716
Salaj	Zalău	212,224 (2021)	3,864
Satu Mare	—	330,668 (2021)	4,418
Sibiu	—	388,326 (2021)	5,432
Suceava	—	642,551 (2021)	8,553
Teleorman	Alexandria	323,544 (2021)	5,790
Timis	Timișoara	650,533 (2021)	8,697
Tulcea	—	193,355 (2021)	8,499
Vâlcea	Râmnicu Vâlcea	341,861 (2021)	5,765
Vaslui	—	374,700 (2021)	5,318
Vrancea	Focșani	335,312 (2021)	4,857

Capitals, population and area: Wikidata. The year of each population is in brackets.

Flags: Wikimedia Commons. Authors, where the licence asks for it: Covasna (CC BY-SA 3.0, Mikovari), Galati (CC BY-SA 4.0, Neculai Alex), Satu Mare (CC BY-SA 4.0, Koralovescoas), Sibiu (CC BY-SA 4.0, Lupishor).