Europe

Russia: flag, map, capital and facts

Everything about Russia: its flag, its map and its facts.

Capital: Moscow
Population: 143.5 million
Area: 17,098,242 km²
Currency: Russian Ruble (₽)

#9 by population · #1 by area · #8 economy in the world · #182 by population density

Population and society

Population of ru, 1960–2025. From 119.9 million in 1960 to 143.5 million in 2025. Its peak: 148.5 million in 1992.

Population density: 9 per km² (rank 182 of 194)
Urban population: 75.3% (2025)
Under 15: 17% (2025)
Over 65: 17.8% (2025)
Children per woman: 1.42 (2024)
Internet users: 94.4% (2024)

Economy and nature

GDP: $2.6T (rank 8 of 194)
Unemployment: 2.1% (2025)
Inflation: 8.7% (2025)
Forests: 50.8% (of its land · 2024)
CO₂ per person: 14 t (a year · 2024)
Lowest point: -28 m (Caspian Sea)

Figures: World Bank, latest year with data. Lowest point: reviewed by hand.

Symbols

Anthem: State Anthem of the Russian Federation
Official name: Российская Федерация

Coat of arms and anthem: Wikimedia Commons. Authors, where the licence asks for it: Anthem (CC BY 4.0, А. Александров).

Practical facts

Official language: Russian
Calling code: +7
Internet domain: .ru, .su, .рф
Driving side: On the right
Time zones: UTC+2 to UTC+12
Demonym: Russian

Geography

Continent: Europe
Neighbouring countries: Azerbaijan, Belarus, China, Estonia, Finland, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Mongolia, North Korea, Norway, Poland, Ukraine
Highest point: Mount Elbrus (5,642 m)
Largest city: Moscow, the capital
Access to the sea: Yes

History and politics

Form of government: Semi-presidential republic · Federal state

Economy and life

GDP per person: $17,547 (2025)
Life expectancy: 73.4 years (2024)
Human Development Index: 0.832 (rank 64 of 193)

Regions in figures

Name	Capital	Population	Area (km²)
Adygea	Maykop	500,731 (2025)	7,600
Altai Krai	Barnaul	2,099,186 (2025)	169,100
Altai Republic	Gorno-Altaysk	210,095 (2025)	92,903
Amur Oblast	Blagoveshchensk	750,083 (2024)	361,913
Arkhangelsk Oblast	Arkhangelsk	989,434 (2025)	587,400
Astrakhan Oblast	Astrakhan	946,429 (2024)	44,100
Bashkortostan	Ufa	4,042,377 (2025)	143,600
Belgorod Oblast	Belgorod	1,482,025 (2025)	27,134
Bryansk Oblast	Bryansk	1,132,795 (2025)	34,900
Buryatia	Ulan-Ude	971,139 (2025)	351,300
Chechnya	Grozny	1,492,992 (2021)	16,165
Chelyabinsk Oblast	Chelyabinsk	3,385,124 (2025)	87,900
Chukotka	Anadyr	47,778 (2025)	721,481
Chuvashia	Cheboksary	1,167,061 (2024)	18,300
Dagestan	Makhachkala	3,232,224 (2024)	50,300
Ingushetia	Magas	527,200 (2024)	3,128
Irkutsk Oblast	Irkutsk	2,322,292 (2025)	774,846
Ivanovo Oblast	Ivanovo	905,900 (2024)	23,900
Jewish Autonomous Oblast	Birobidzhan	144,428 (2025)	36,271
Kabardino-Balkaria	Nalchik	905,464 (2024)	12,500
Kaliningrad Oblast	Kaliningrad	994,599 (2023)	15,100
Kalmykia	Elista	267,588 (2025)	75,000
Kaluga Oblast	Kaluga	1,000,980 (2021)	29,800
Kamchatka Krai	Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky	288,947 (2024)	472,300
Karachay-Cherkessia	Cherkessk	468,322 (2024)	14,100
Karelia	Petrozavodsk	518,950 (2025)	180,520
Kemerovo Oblast	Kemerovo	2,527,219 (2025)	95,500
Khabarovsk Krai	Khabarovsk	1,273,488 (2025)	787,633
Khakassia	Abakan	525,557 (2025)	61,569
Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug (Khanty-Mansi Autonomous District)	Khanty-Mansiysk	1,759,356 (2024)	534,500
Kirov Oblast	Kirov	1,129,935 (2024)	120,800
Komi	Syktyvkar	714,785 (2025)	416,800
Kostroma Oblast	Kostroma	566,266 (2024)	60,200
Krasnodar Krai	Krasnodar	5,842,238 (2025)	75,485
Krasnoyarsk Krai	Krasnoyarsk	2,837,988 (2025)	2,339,700
Kurgan Oblast	Kurgan	744,465 (2025)	71,488
Kursk Oblast	Kursk	1,049,783 (2025)	29,800
Leningrad Oblast	Gatchina	2,035,762 (2024)	83,908
Lipetsk Oblast	Lipetsk	1,125,921 (2023)	24,100
Magadan Oblast	Magadan	133,387 (2024)	465,464
Mari El	Yoshkar-Ola	669,854 (2024)	23,200
Mordovia	Saransk	778,965 (2021)	26,200
Moscow	—	13,274,285 (2025)	2,562
Moscow Oblast	Krasnogorsk	7,708,499 (2021)	45,800
Murmansk Oblast	Murmansk	656,438 (2024)	144,902
Nenets Autonomous Okrug (Nenets Autonomous District)	Naryan-Mar	42,224 (2024)	176,700
Nizhny Novgorod Oblast	Nizhny Novgorod	3,039,421 (2025)	76,900
North Ossetia–Alania	Vladikavkaz	678,879 (2024)	7,987
Novgorod Oblast	Veliky Novgorod	566,960 (2025)	54,501
Novosibirsk Oblast	Novosibirsk	2,786,540 (2025)	178,200
Omsk Oblast	Omsk	1,805,806 (2025)	139,700
Orenburg Oblast	Orenburg	1,828,655 (2024)	123,702
Oryol Oblast	Oryol	692,486 (2024)	24,652
Penza Oblast	Penza	1,213,113 (2024)	43,200
Perm Krai	Perm	2,483,633 (2025)	160,236
Primorsky Krai	Vladivostok	1,799,659 (2025)	164,673
Pskov Oblast	Pskov	574,480 (2025)	55,300
Rostov Oblast	Rostov-on-Don	4,137,335 (2025)	101,800
Ryazan Oblast	Ryazan	1,043,231 (2024)	39,600
Saint Petersburg	—	5,652,922 (2025)	1,439
Sakha (Yakutia)	Yakutsk	1,001,664 (2024)	3,083,523
Sakhalin Oblast	Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk	457,590 (2024)	87,101
Samara Oblast	Samara	3,112,566 (2025)	53,600
Saratov Oblast	Saratov	2,369,405 (2025)	100,830
Smolensk Oblast	Smolensk	863,987 (2024)	49,779
Stavropol Krai	Stavropol	2,884,363 (2025)	66,160
Sverdlovsk Oblast	Yekaterinburg	4,221,452 (2025)	194,307
Tambov Oblast	Tambov	956,292 (2024)	34,300
Tatarstan	Kazan	4,003,016 (2024)	67,847
Tomsk Oblast	Tomsk	1,039,728 (2025)	316,900
Tula Oblast	Tula	1,471,140 (2024)	25,700
Tuva	Kyzyl	338,483 (2025)	170,500
Tver Oblast	Tver	1,190,574 (2025)	84,100
Tyumen Oblast	Tyumen	3,890,800 (2024)	1,464,200
Udmurtia	Izhevsk	1,493,356 (2021)	42,100
Ulyanovsk Oblast	Ulyanovsk	1,172,782 (2024)	37,300
Vladimir Oblast	Vladimir	1,309,942 (2024)	29,000
Volgograd Oblast	Volgograd	2,434,046 (2025)	113,900
Vologda Oblast	Vologda	1,160,445 (2021)	145,700
Voronezh Oblast	Voronezh	2,260,045 (2025)	52,400
Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug (Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District)	Salekhard	515,960 (2024)	683,976
Yaroslavl Oblast	Yaroslavl	1,187,558 (2024)	36,400
Zabaykalsky Krai	Chita	984,395 (2024)	431,500

Capitals, population and area: Wikidata. The year of each population is in brackets.

Flags: Wikimedia Commons. Authors, where the licence asks for it: Altai Krai (CC BY-SA 3.0, Дмитрий-5-Аверин), Amur Oblast (CC BY-SA 4.0, Vichycombo), Chukotka (CC BY-SA 3.0, Fibonacci), Kaluga Oblast (CC BY-SA 4.0, Vichycombo), Kemerovo Oblast (CC BY-SA 4.0, Vichycombo), Khabarovsk Krai (CC BY-SA 4.0, Vichycombo), Khakassia (CC BY-SA 3.0, Fibonacci), Komi (CC BY-SA 4.0, Vichycombo), Murmansk Oblast (CC BY-SA 4.0, Vichycombo), Novgorod Oblast (CC BY-SA 4.0, Katuni5), Penza Oblast (CC BY-SA 4.0, Vichycombo), Pskov Oblast (CC BY-SA 4.0, Katuni5), Saint Petersburg (CC BY-SA 4.0, Vichycombo), Voronezh Oblast (CC BY-SA 4.0, Vichycombo).